"We have at last begun a fundamental renewal of the basis of our cooperation," Rosatom director Nikolai Spasky was quoted as saying by RIA Novosti news agency. "We expect this document to be signed this autumn."
Talks began in July between Moscow and Washington on trimming nuclear weapon arsenals ahead of the expiry of the landmark strategic weapons agreement START in 2009.
Presidents Vladimir Putin and George W. Bush said then that their countries would support peaceful use of nuclear energy, in particular among developing countries, while ensuring that nuclear weapons do not spread.
His comments came after two senior US lawmakers, Senator Richard Lugar and former Senator Sam Nunn, visited Moscow and appealed for renewed cooperation between the United States and Russia on disarmament and nuclear safety.